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In Australia there are thousands of species of spiders, including some of the most venomous in the world. However, not all specimens are dangerous, some frighten for their size but are harmless. Before venturing into the country it is better to get to know them, thus arriving prepared for any close “encounters” with eight-legged animals (In the photo a spider of the Morebilus species)

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The spider family Sparassidae includes i hunting spiders. They are large in size, they can reach up to 30 centimeters, but their bite usually causes redness and swelling that heals in a couple of days. The name derives from the fact that as adults they do not build webs, but hunt insects and other invertebrates to get food. They often hide among piles of wood and in case of rain it is not uncommon to see them enter the house

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THE crab spiders, belonging to the Thomisidae family, are so called because they have the two front pairs of legs spread outwards like the claws of a crab and because they know how to move sideways and backwards. They do not build webs to trap prey, they are hunters and ambushers but are not harmful to humans

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The red back spider, also known as the Australian black widow, is instead dangerous because the bite causes latrodectism in humans, a syndrome that involves severe muscle pain in the area of ​​the bite, cramps and tachycardia among the symptoms and can lead to more serious complications. When you get bitten, you need to go to the hospital right away

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THE funnel web spiders, belonging to the Atracidae family, are present only in Australia and are very dangerous. Within the venom is the neurotoxin atraxotoxin which attacks the nervous system and affects the organs of the body causing very severe symptoms. An antidote capable of defeating the poison was developed in 1981 and no more deaths have occurred since that year.

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THE white tailed spiders, Lampona cylindrata or Lampona murina, are hunters and are found both in urban areas and in the countryside, but prefer cool and humid places. They move mainly at night and are typically dark red or gray with dark orange streaked legs, but their name comes from the whitish tips at the end of their abdomen. Their venom causes mild pain in humans. It is advisable to check your shoes and boots in the morning before putting them on as they often hide there

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THE mouse spiders (Missulena) roam at night to avoid heat and other predators and feed mainly on insects and small frogs. Despite their menacing appearance, they are not aggressive but their bite is quite dangerous, almost as dangerous as that of the funnel spider. However, there is an antidote to their venom. They were called mouse spiders due to the widespread belief, which turned out to be false, according to which they would be able to dig holes as deep as those of mice

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Australia has its own tarantulas natives (Phlogius crassipes), also known as whistling spiders due to the sounds some species are able to make by rubbing their front legs against their jaws. Despite their intimidating appearance and hairy legs, tarantulas are not fatal to humans and the bites they inflict are painful mainly due to the size of their centimeter-long teeth. Serious effects such as nausea, vomiting and fever are quite rare in humans but their bite can be lethal for dogs

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THE wolf spiders (Lycosidae) are so called due to their robustness, ability to stalk and sharp eyesight. They live solitarily and hunt alone by pursuing the prey for short distances or by setting ambushes. They are not particularly dangerous to humans but their bite can cause swelling, mild localized pain, intense itching and diarrhea. They can be hidden in litter boxes or in garden soil

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One was recently discovered in Australia new species of giant spider in the Brigalow Belt of central Queensland by scientists at the Queensland Museum. She was called Euoplos Dignitas. It is a large trapdoor spider that lives in open woodland habitats. This species is known from only a very few localities in central Queensland and has lost much of its habitat on land, making it likely to be an endangered species

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